The Grammatical Architecture of Hadith Qudsi: A Syntactic Analysis of Mubtada'-Khabar as an Apparatus for Criticism of Contemporary Muslim Authoritarianism

Aang Saeful Milah; Raditya Yusuf Fahreza; Davi Dliaa Ulhaq; Fira Anjar Nur Fajriah; Muzaki

doi:10.36668/tz56gm17

Authors

Aang Saeful Milah Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, Indonesia
Raditya Yusuf Fahreza Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, Indonesia
Davi Dliaa Ulhaq Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, Indonesia
Fira Anjar Nur Fajriah Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, Indonesia
Muzaki Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36668/tz56gm17

Keywords:

Hadith Qudsi, Mubtada’-Khabar, Theo-Linguistic Hermeneutics, Political Authoritarianism

Abstract

The tension between the transcendental legitimacy of sacred texts and the secular pragmatism of rulers in the contemporary Muslim world often reduces the prophetic function of hadith to a passive eschatological doctrine. This study aims to deconstruct the claims of absolutism and political arrogance of modern Muslim elites through a radical reading of the theo-linguistic structure of Hadith Qudsi. Using a descriptive-qualitative design with a Contextual Theo-Linguistic Hermeneutics Approach, this study dissects the high-density nominal clause “Ana al-Malik, ayna mul?k al-ard?” in Sahih al-Bukhari, and explained in the work of Fath al-Bari by Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani hadith number 6519. The results of the syntactic-rhetorical analysis confirm that the meeting of mubtada’ in the form of dham?r munfashil (Ana) and khabar makrifat bound by alif l?m al-isti?r?qiyyah (Al-Malik) absolutely triggers the law of ta’r?f al-tharafain. This grammatical mechanism produces the function of al-qashr al-haq?q? al-tahq?q? which shows absolute restrictions that isolate the essence of the perfection of power only in the divine realm, while negating the legitimacy of the secular authority of creatures. Through structural coding, four indicators of modern political pathology were found that diametrically imitate these linguistic attributes, namely the centralization of authority, the cult of the individual, secular pragmatism, and legal absolutism. The theoretical implications of this finding successfully revise the conventional dichotomy between the science of tools (Nahwu-Bal?ghah) and the sociology of Islamic politics (Siy?sah Syar’iyyah) by offering a new paradigm of religious language functionalism as an apparatus for ideological critique. Practically, this research provides a solid theological-linguistic foundation for civil society to reject all forms of totalitarianism and reform the ethics of public leadership in the Muslim world.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdul Rohman, & Wildan Taufiq. (2022). Ilmu ma’ani dan peranannya dalam tafsir. Jurnal Al-Fanar, 5(1), 84–101. https://doi.org/10.33511/alfanar.v5n1.84-101

Al-‘Asqal?n?, I. ?. (1959). Fat? al-B?r? bi-shar? ?a??? al-Bukh?r?. D?r al-Ma‘rifah.

Alfanny, M. S., Zuhdi Dh, A., Musdalifa, & Muhammad, F. A. (2025). Persinggungan politik Islam dan Islam politik: Genealogi dan perkembangan Islam di era Orde Baru. Journal of Politics and Policy, 7(1), 60–77. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jppol.2025.7.1.4

Ali al-Jarim, A., & Mustafa Amin, M. (1999). Al-Bal?ghah al-w??i?ah. D?r al-Ma‘?rif.

Allah Sharifi, E., & Ramezani, M. (2020). The role of ideology in enhancing political ethics at the level of international relations from the perspective of the Holy Quran and Hadiths. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(10), 709–718. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i10.2234

Ahmadi, M., & Hasanah. (2025). Strategi metakognitif sebagai jembatan antara nahwu-sharaf dan pemahaman teks Arab akademik mahasiswa PBA Universitas Ibrahimy. Ihtimam: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 8(2), 116–130.

Auliya, H. H., Rohanda, R., & Komarudin, R. E. (2025). The meaning of imperative sentences in the book 'Umdat al-Ahk?m by 'Abdul Ghani al-Maqdisi: A study of 'Ilm al-Ma'?n?. Ihtimam: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 8(2), 147–159.

Aminah, S. (n.d.). Pengaruh orientalisme dalam pengajian hukum Islam di Institut Agama Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia.

Anas, M. (2019). Gagasan baru tentang wahyu: Ke arah dialog kritis antaragama (Membangun masyarakat kitab bersama Mohammed Arkoun). Islamic Insights Journal, 1(1), 61–81. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.iij.2019.001.01.7

Fatah, A. (2013). Gugatan warga negara sebagai mekanisme pemenuhan hak asasi manusia dan hak konstitusional warga negara. Yuridika, 28(3).

Fauziah, L., & Sopian, A. (2023). Kajian inna: Dialektika aliran Basrah dan Kufah dalam buku Al-Inshâf fî Masâil Al-Khilâf. Ukazh: Journal of Arabic Studies, 4(1), 102–118. https://doi.org/10.37274/ukazh.v4i1.739

Hall, S., & Liebenberg, L. (2024). Qualitative description as an introductory method to qualitative research for master’s-level students and research trainees. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 23, 16094069241242264. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241242264

Halawatul Kamala, M. A., & Mus’idul Millah. (2025). Konsep dasar dan transformasi historis studi hadis tematik dalam kajian ilmu hadis. Ikhlas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam, 2(3), 246–260. https://doi.org/10.61132/ikhlas.v2i3.1144

Mahardhika, J. (n.d.). Analisis ontosemantik atas kata ganti ketuhanan dalam Al-Qur’an: Kritik terhadap iltifat dan usulan tafsir kosmologis segitiga aku, kami, dan dia.

Milah, A. S., Rohman, M., & Rasikhullah, A. N. (2023). Internalization of Arabic syntactic in the interpretation of legal verses. IJAS: Indonesian Journal of Arabic Studies, 5(2), 159–172. https://doi.org/10.24235/ijas.v5i2.14840

Moh. Solikul Hadi, Alifia Azzahra Budi, Ali Kuswadi, F. R. D. (2025). Utilization of the Learning Management System ( LMS ) Based on Edmodo in PAI Learning at the Indonesian School in Kuala Lumpur. 7(2). https://doi.org/10.25217/jrie.v7i1.

Moh. Solikul Hadi, Muhammad Nuril Anam, M. S. A. (2021). Reconstruction Of Martin Heiddeger’s Thinking Existentialism Model on Education inThe Industrial Era 4.0. Journal of Research in Islamic Education, 03(02), 47–58.

Moh. Solikul Hadi, D. (2024). Efektifitas Instrumen Penilaian Pendidikan Agama Islam Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Kreatif Peserta Didik Di Smk Muhammadiyah Mlati Yogyakarta. Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan, 4(1), 28–34

Mulyadin, A. (2025). Makna kata tanya pada As-Sab’u Ath-Thiwal dalam Alquran. Jurnal Syntax Imperatif: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan, 6(4), 1037–1045. https://doi.org/10.54543/syntaximperatif.v6i4.815

Muntaha, F. K., & Huda, M. M. (2021). Bentuk fi’il, fa’il dan mubtada’ khabar dalam Qashidah Al-Burdah bait 1 sampai 58.

Nuha, M. A. U. (2022). Analisis majas elipsis dalam Al-Qur’an dan frasa bahasa Arab. Jurnal Bahasa Lingua Scientia, 14(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.21274/ls.2022.14.1.1-15

Nur, S., Holilulloh, A., & Alfian, M. I. (2025). Peta pemikiran linguistik Moh. Ainin dalam pendidikan bahasa Arab di Indonesia: Telaah tokoh berbasis pemetaan karya. Ihtimam: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 8(2), 131–146.

Purnama, A. (n.d.). Al-Hashr dan Al-Ikhtishash dalam tafsir. Scribd. Retrieved June 9, 2026, from https://id.scribd.com/document/324637925/Al-Hashr-dan-Al-ikhtishash

Ramdani, D., Sholehah, N. F., Al-Maghfur, A. K., & Akmaliyah. (2025). The dynamics of the translation of ?al?t in the Qur'an: Between theological meaning and modern context. Ihtimam: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 8(2), 90–103, https://doi.org/10.36668/jih.v8i02.1597 ?

Rendi, R., Marni, M., Neonane, T., & Lawalata, M. (2024). Peran logika dalam berfikir kritis untuk membangun kemampuan memahami dan menginterpretasi informasi. Sinar Kasih: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat, 2(2), 82–98. https://doi.org/10.55606/sinarkasih.v2i2.313

Rifa’i, A. (2021). Kajian filosofi pendekatan komunikatif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Revorma: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran, 1(1), 60–74. https://doi.org/10.62825/revorma.v1i1.1

Rois, I. N., & Rubini. (2021). Urgensi pembelajaran bahasa perspektif Al-Qur'an dan Hadits di era disruptif. Ihtimam: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 4(2), 142–155, https://doi.org/10.36668/jih.v4i2.311 ?

Sibawaihi, Mohd. Arifullah, M. S. H. (2025). Implementing Multicultural Education in Indonesian State Islamic Universities : Case Studies of UIN Sunan Kalijaga and UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin. 14(1), 1–14.

Sofwan, A., Saefudin, A., Cahyani, A. W. N., Ayu, N. V., & Milah, A. S. (2024). Peran dan kontribusi nahwu dalam penafsiran Al-Qur’an. Hamalatul Qur’an: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Alqur’an, 5(2), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.37985/hq.v5i2.185

Suparman, M. S. H. (2024). Implementasi Model Microlearning Untuk Meningkatkan Retensi Belajar Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Era Digital Di MAN 1 Yogyakarta. 4(November).

Ubaidillah, A. (2025, August 5). Apa itu ma’rifah dan nakirah? KUBA – Kursus Unggulan Bahasa Arab. http://www.kursuskuba.com/blog/artikel-1/apa-itu-marifah-dan-nakirah-17

Yulisa, R., Azkar, R. A., & Suparta, M. (2025). Comparative study: Prophetic hadith and qudsi hadith. Values: Jurnal Kajian Islam Multidisiplin, 2(3), 386–393. https://doi.org/10.61166/values.v2i3.78