Kitab Durus al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah ala al-Thariqah al-Haditsah li Imam Zarkasyi wa Imam Syubbani: Dirasah Maharah al-Kalam

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the book Duru?s al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah ‘ala al-T?ari?qah al-Hadi?thah, Part One, by Imam Zarkasyi and Imam Syubani, based on Rushdi Ahmad Tu'aimah's theory, focusing on the elements of speaking skills, the application of the modern method in developing them, and its strengths and weaknesses. This study is motivated by the challenges faced in Arabic language education in modern Islamic boarding schools, particularly in developing learners' speaking skills despite the widespread use of the book in Indonesia. The study employed a descriptive-analytical method using content analysis. Data were collected from the book as the primary source and from additional sources, including Tu'aimah's works, previous studies, and relevant references, through documentation and content analysis based on Tu'aimah's five criteria: book presentation, linguistic aspects, cultural aspects, exercises and assessment, and supplementary materials. The results indicate that the book contains five essential elements of speaking skills: phonological, vocabulary, structural, communicative, and reading elements. It meets the criteria for three elements, namely vocabulary, grammar, and conversation, while weaknesses are found in the phonological and reading elements due to limited attention to articulation points and difficult-sound exercises. The modern method is implemented through five stages: preparation, presentation, guided practice, free practice, and assessment. The main strengths include varied exercises, gradual presentation of materials, a balance among language skills, and conformity with Tu'aimah's criteria. Its weaknesses include limited phonological and reading components, insufficient grammatical explanation, lack of visual materials, repetitive exercises, and the absence of supplementary books and clear instructional objectives.