Ilmu Ma'ani Perspektif Filsafat Ilmu: Kajian Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologi

Abstract

Ma'ani science is a branch of science that studies how to adapt one's speech to different muqtadha al-hal (situations and conditions). This research aims to examine the science of ma'ani through the perspective of the philosophy of science, especially from the aspects of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The descriptive method is used with literature analysis as the main data source. The ontological study discusses the meaning (nature) and main categories in ma'ani science, such as kalam khabar, insya, qasr, fasl, washl, ijaz, ithnab, and musawah, which are relevant for organizing the structure of Arabic according to the context of communication. Regarding epistemology, ma'ani science is analyzed through an empirical approach, which connects knowledge with experience and direct observation. Meanwhile, the axiology of ma'ani science highlights its benefits in understanding the Arabic language's beauty, exploring the Qur'an's miracles, and increasing communication's effectiveness. The results of this study show that ma'ani science not only functions as a linguistic tool but also has a deep philosophical relevance, making a significant contribution to the development of Arabic language knowledge and communication.