The Mechanism of First Language Acquisition in Children from the Perspective of Modern Arabic Linguistics: Analysis of Innatism and Interactionism Theories
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36668/marhtf16Abstract
First language acquisition in children is a multidimensional phenomenon that continues to be debated in linguistics, psycholinguistics, and modern Arabic linguistics. This article aims to critically examine the mechanisms of first language acquisition through a comparative analysis of innate and interactionist theories from a modern Arabic linguistic perspective. Innate theory places biological capacity as the primary foundation of language acquisition, assuming that children are born with an innate linguistic apparatus that enables natural mastery of the language system. In contrast, interactionist theory asserts that language ability develops through a dynamic interaction process between the child's cognitive potential and the socio-cultural environment that provides linguistic input. Using library research methods and a descriptive-critical analysis approach, this article examines various contemporary Arabic linguistic thoughts and theories of language acquisition developed within the modern linguistic tradition. The results of the study indicate that innate explanations, although successful in revealing the universal and creative aspects of children's language, tend to pay less attention to the diversity of social contexts and variations in language input. On the other hand, interactionism provides a more comprehensive explanation of the role of the environment, but often fails to adequately explain the origins of children's universal linguistic capacities. Modern Arabic linguistics tends toward a synthetic approach that views first language acquisition as the result of a complex interaction between biological predisposition, cognitive development, and socio-linguistic experiences. This integrative approach provides a more adequate theoretical framework for understanding the dynamics of first language acquisition in children and its relevance to the development of contemporary Arabic linguistic studies.
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